Anguilla - AI - AIA - Central America and the Caribbean

overseas territory of the UK

embassy: none (overseas territory of the UK); alternate contact is the US Embassy in Barbados [1] (246) 227-4000

0-14 years: 20.8% (male 2,056/female 1,992)

15-64 years: 67.5% (male 5,958/female 7,147)

65 years and over: 11.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,093/female 1,170)

18 15 N, 63 10 W

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 0.83 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female

total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)

about one-half the size of Washington, D.C.

English settlers from Saint Kitts first colonized Anguilla in 1650. Great Britain administered the island until the early 19th century, when -- against the wishes of the inhabitants -- Anguilla was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, when Anguilla became a separate British dependency. In 2017, Hurricane Irma caused extensive damage on the island, particularly to communications and residential and business infrastructure.

supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system

packaged medicine, garments, vehicle parts/accessories, vaccines, cars (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

none (overseas territory of the UK)

small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising

revenues: $81.925 million (2017 est.)

expenditures: $72.352 million (2017 est.)

note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

name: The Valley

geographic coordinates: 18 13 N, 63 03 W

time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: name may derive from the capital's location among several hills

poultry, copper ore, natural gas, refined petroleum, fish (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds

61 km

history: several previous; latest 1 April 1982

East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates:
2.7 (2023 est.)
2.7 (2022 est.)
2.7 (2021 est.)
2.7 (2020 est.)
2.7 (2019 est.)

chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Julia CROUCH (since 11 September 2023)

head of government: Premier Cora RICHARDSON-HODGE (since 27 February 2025)

cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor

blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with a turquoise-blue field below; the white in the background represents peace; the blue base symbolizes the surrounding sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope; the three dolphins stand for endurance, unity, and strength

total: 175 km

paved: 82 km

unpaved: 93 km (2004)

none (overseas territory of the UK)

tourism, boat building, offshore financial services

highest court(s): the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia  and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts

judge selection and term of office: Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62

subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court

total: 0 km

agricultural land: 0% (2022 est.)

arable land: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)

forest: 61.1% (2022 est.)

other: 38.9% (2022 est.)

common law based on the English model

legislature name: House of Assembly

legislative structure: unicameral

number of seats: 11 (7 directly elected, 2 appointed, 2 ex-officio members)

electoral system: plurality/majority

scope of elections: full renewal

term in office: 5 years

most recent election date: 6/29/2020

parties elected and seats per party: APM (7); AUF (4)

percentage of women in chamber: 27.3%

territorial sea: 12 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm

Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU

Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)

noun: Anguillan(s)

adjective: Anguillan

salt, fish, lobster

the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles

small, tourism-dependent, territorial-island economy; very high public debt; COVID-19 crippled economic activity; partial recovery underway via tourism, benefitting from its high amount of timeshare residences; considering reopening oil refinery

Anguilla Progressive Movement or APM; (formerly Anguilla United Movement or AUM)
Anguilla United Front or AUF

18 years of age; universal

general assessment: in the telecom sector, with declines seen in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services — the mainstay of short-term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis to a small extent as employees and students have resorted to working from home, but their contribution to the sector has been insufficient to offset steep falls in other areas of the market; one area of the telecom market that does not yet appear poised for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have little appetite for investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage; until the economies and markets stabilize, and overseas visitors return there is unlikely to be much momentum towards implementing 5G capabilities anywhere in the region (2021)

domestic: fixed-line teledensity is about 38 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons (2021)

international: country code - 1-264; landing points for the SSCS, ECFS, GCN and Southern Caribbean Fiber with submarine cable links to Caribbean islands and to the US; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (2019)

flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone

parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK

defense is the responsibility of the UK

conventional long form: none

conventional short form: Anguilla

etymology: in 1493, Christopher COLUMBUS named the island Anguilla, meaning "eel" in Spanish, because of the island's elongated shape

Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico

Central America and the Caribbean

0 sq km (2020)

none (overseas territory of the UK)

percent of population: 81.6% (2021 est.)

.ai

urban population: 100% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2024)

improved:

urban: 97.5% of population

total: 97.5% of population

unimproved:

urban: 2.5% of population

total: 2.5% of population (2017 est.)

name: "God Bless Anguilla"

lyrics/music: Alex RICHARDSON

note: local anthem adopted 1981; as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

1,000 THE VALLEY (capital) (2018)

dolphin

household consumption: 74.1% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 18.3% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 26.8% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 48.2% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -67.4% (2017 est.)

see United Kingdom

most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast

number of registered air carriers: 2 (2020)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 4

VP-A

improved:

urban: 99.1% of population

total: 99.1% of population

unimproved:

urban: 0.9% of population

total: 0.9% of population (2017 est.)

African/Black 85.3%, Hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, White 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)

note: data represent population by ethnic origin

Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbyterian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.)

English (official)

total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA

highest point: Crocus Hill 73 m

lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

1.51 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

NA

electrification - total population: 100% (2020)

total dependency ratio: 38.6

youth dependency ratio: 24.4

elderly dependency ratio: 14.1

potential support ratio: 7.1 (2021)

Chile 50%, USA 27%, Botswana 15%, Japan 1%, Dominican Republic 1% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Chile 60%, Netherlands 8%, Brazil 5%, Hungary 4%, USA 4% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

0.85 (2024 est.)

46.1% (2023 est.)

The Anguillan coat of arms features three interlocking dolphins jumping out of seawater. The dolphins represent endurance, unity, and strength, and their circular motion stands for continuity. The white background symbolizes peace and tranquility, and the turquoise-blue base represents the sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope.

10.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

total: 37.1 years (2024 est.)

male: 34.8 years

female: 39 years

$76.38 million (2017 est.)
$48.14 million (2015 est.)

20.1% of GDP (2015 est.)

1.72 children born/woman (2024 est.)

total: 19,416 (2024 est.)

male: 9,107

female: 10,309

total : 91 sq km

land: 91 sq km

water: 0 sq km

46.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

1 (2025)

total: 3 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)

male: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 2.1 deaths/1,000 live births

total subscriptions: 26,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 170 (2021 est.)

1.3% (2017 est.)
-0.6% (2016 est.)

-$23.2 million (2017 est.)
-$25.3 million (2016 est.)

total: 5,000 (2018 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2018 est.)

4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

11.8 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

total: 2 (2023)

by type: other 2

NA

$186.2 million (2017 est.)
$170.1 million (2016 est.)

$7.9 million (2017 est.)
$3.9 million (2016 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

total subscriptions: 6,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 38 (2021 est.)

total population: 82.6 years (2024 est.)

male: 80 years

female: 85.3 years

4% (2017 est.)

agriculture: 3% (2017 est.)

industry: 10.5% (2017 est.)

services: 86.4% (2017 est.)

4% of GDP (2020 est.)

1.74% (2024 est.)