Honduras - HN - HND - HON - Central America and the Caribbean

Last updated: May 07, 2025

Honduras Images

Roatán is an island in the Caribbean, about 65 km (40 mi) off the northern coast of Honduras. The largest of the Bay Islands, it is approximately 77 km (48 mi) long and less than 8 km (5 mi) wide. The island rests on an exposed ancient coral reef, offering opportunities for diving. Roatán is located near the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, the largest barrier reef in the Caribbean Sea, and has become a major tourist destination.
The Roman Catholic Church of Santa María de los Dolores (Saint Mary of the Sorrows) in Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras, was built between 1732 and 1815 in the American Baroque (Colonial Baroque) style.
The Christ at El Picacho is a monument on the hill El Picacho in the north area of Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras. The sculpture weighs 2,500 tons and is 30 m (98 ft) high; it was completed in 1998 and can be seen from most parts of Tegucigalpa.
Entrance with carvings at a Mayan archaeological site in Copán in western Honduras. The site functioned as the political, civil, and religious center of the Copán Valley and was composed of a main complex with several secondary complexes. Copán was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
Roatán is an island in the Caribbean, about 65 km (40 mi) off the northern coast of Honduras. The largest of the Bay Islands, it is approximately 77 km (48 mi) long and less than 8 km (5 mi) wide. The island rests on an exposed ancient coral reef, offering opportunities for diving. Roatán is located near the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, the largest barrier reef in the Caribbean Sea, and has become a major tourist destination.
The Roman Catholic Church of Santa María de los Dolores (Saint Mary of the Sorrows) in Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras, was built between 1732 and 1815 in the American Baroque (Colonial Baroque) style.

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Honduras Factbook Data

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Laura F. DOGU (since 12 April 2022)

embassy: Avenida La Paz, Tegucigalpa M.D.C.

mailing address: 3480 Tegucigalpa Place, Washington DC 20521-3480

telephone: [504] 2236-9320,

FAX: [504] 2236-9037

email address and website:
usahonduras@state.gov

https://hn.usembassy.gov/

Age structure

0-14 years: 28.7% (male 1,378,026/female 1,353,238)

15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,980,393/female 3,282,159)

65 years and over: 5.6% (2024 est.) (male 232,828/female 302,544)

This is the population pyramid for Honduras. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.

For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Geographic coordinates

15 00 N, 86 30 W

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female

total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Natural hazards

frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Tennessee

slightly larger than Tennessee

Military service age and obligation

18-22 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 24-36 month service obligation; no conscription (2024)

note: as of 2023, women made up about 9% of the active duty military

Background

Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. Hurricane Mitch devastated the country in 1998, killing about 5,600 people and causing approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded, despite COVID-19 and severe storm-related setbacks in 2020 and 2021.

Environment - current issues

deforestation from logging and clearing land for agriculture; land degradation and soil erosion from overdevelopment and improper land use practices; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water) and other rivers and streams

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Military expenditures

1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
1.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.6% of GDP (2019 est.)

Population below poverty line

64.1% (2023 est.)

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 1.2% (2019 est.)

highest 10%: 34.6% (2019 est.)

note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Exports - commodities

garments, coffee, insulated wire, palm oil, shellfish (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Exports - partners

USA 49%, Nicaragua 8%, El Salvador 7%, Guatemala 5%, Mexico 5% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Administrative divisions

18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlántida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazán, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro

Agricultural products

sugarcane, oil palm fruit, maize, milk, bananas, coffee, cantaloupes/melons, oranges, chicken, beans (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Military and security forces

Honduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Force (Fuerza Naval Hondurena, FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (Policía Militar del Orden Público or PMOP) (2025)

note 1: the National Police of Honduras (Policía Nacional de Honduras, PNH) are under the Secretariat of Security and responsible for internal security; some larger cities have police forces that operate independently of the national police and report to municipal authorities

note 2: the PMOP supports the PNH against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; it is subordinate to the Secretariat of Defense/FFAA, but conducts operations sanctioned by civilian security officials as well as by military leaders

note 3: the National Interinstitutional Security Force is an interagency command that coordinates the overlapping responsibilities of the HNP, PMOP, and other security organizations such as the National Intelligence Directorate and the Public Ministry (public prosecutor), but exercises coordination, command, and control responsibilities only during interagency operations involving those forces

Budget

revenues: $5.333 billion (2020 est.)

expenditures: $5.696 billion (2020 est.)

note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenses converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Capital

name: Tegucigalpa

geographic coordinates: 14 06 N, 87 13 W

time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)

etymology: the name is a Nahuatl word meaning "silver mountain," probably referring to nearby silver mines

note: the Honduran constitution states that Tegucigalpa and Comayaguela jointly constitute the capital of Honduras, but virtually all governmental institutions are on the Tegucigalpa side

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, cotton yarn, garments, trucks, packaged medicine (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Climate

subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains

Coastline

823 km (Caribbean Sea 669 km, Gulf of Fonseca 163 km)

Constitution

history: several previous; latest approved 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982

amendment process: proposed by the National Congress with at least two-thirds majority vote of the membership; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of Congress in its next annual session; constitutional articles, such as the form of government, national sovereignty, the presidential term, and the procedure for amending the constitution, cannot be amended

Exchange rates

lempiras (HNL) per US dollar -

Exchange rates:
24.602 (2023 est.)
24.486 (2022 est.)
24.017 (2021 est.)
24.582 (2020 est.)
24.509 (2019 est.)

Executive branch

chief of state: President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022)

head of government: President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president

elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits

election results:
2021: Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya elected president; percent of vote - Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (LIBRE) 51.1%, Nasry Juan ASFURA Zablah (PNH) 36.9%, Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo (PL) 10%, other 2%

2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9%

note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

Flag description

three equal horizontal bands of cerulean blue (top), white, and cerulean blue, with five cerulean, five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; the white band represents the land between the two bodies of water and the peace and prosperity of its people

note: similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band

Illicit drugs

transshipment point for cocaine destined for the United States and precursor chemicals used to produce illicit drugs; some small-scale coca cultivation

Independence

15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Industries

sugar processing, coffee, woven and knit apparel, wood products, cigars

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (15 principal judges, including the court president, and 6 alternates; court organized into civil, criminal, constitutional, and labor chambers)

judge selection and term of office: court president elected by his peers; judges elected by the National Congress from candidates proposed by the Nominating Board, a diverse 7-member group of judicial officials and other government and non-government officials nominated by each of their organizations; judges elected by Congress for renewable, 7-year terms

subordinate courts: courts of appeal; courts of first instance; justices of the peace

note: the Supreme Court has both judicial and constitutional jurisdiction

Land boundaries

total: 1,575 km

border countries (3): Guatemala 244 km; El Salvador 391 km; Nicaragua 940 km

Land use

agricultural land: 32% (2022 est.)

arable land: 9.1% (2022 est.)

permanent crops: 5.4% (2022 est.)

permanent pasture: 17.5% (2022 est.)

forest: 56.5% (2022 est.)

other: 11.6% (2022 est.)

Legal system

civil law system

Legislative branch

legislature name: National Congress (Congreso Nacional)

legislative structure: unicameral

number of seats: 128 (all directly elected)

electoral system: proportional representation

scope of elections: full renewal

term in office: 4 years

most recent election date: 11/28/2021

parties elected and seats per party: Liberty and Refoundation Party (LIBRE) (50); National Party (PN) (44); Liberal Party (PL) (22); Salvador de Honduras Party (PSH) (10); Other (2)

percentage of women in chamber: 27.3%

expected date of next election: November 2025

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 88.5%

male: 88.2%

female: 88.7% (2019)

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: natural extension of territory or to 200 nm

International organization participation

ACS, BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC (suspended), IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNHRC, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO (suspended), WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

National holiday

Independence Day, 15 September (1821)

Nationality

noun: Honduran(s)

adjective: Honduran

Natural resources

timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower

Geography - note

has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast

Economic overview

second-fastest-growing Central American economy; COVID-19 and two hurricanes crippled activity; high poverty and inequality; declining-but-still-high violent crime disruption; systemic corruption; coffee and banana exporter; enormous remittances

Political parties

Anti-Corruption Party or PAC
Christian Democratic Party or DC
Democratic Liberation of Honduras or Liderh
Democratic Unification Party or UD
The Front or El Frente
Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP
Innovation and Unity Party or PINU
Liberal Party or PL
Liberty and Refoundation Party or LIBRE
National Party of Honduras or PNH
New Route or NR
Opposition Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura (electoral coalition)
Savior Party of Honduras or PSH
Vamos or Let’s Go
We Are All Honduras (Todos Somos Honduras) or TSH

Railways

total: 699 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 164 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge

115 km 1.057-mm gauge
420 km 0.914-mm gauge

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Telecommunication systems

general assessment:

Honduras is among the poorest countries in Central America and has long been plagued by an unstable political framework which has rendered telecom sector reform difficult; this has created real difficulties for telcos as well as consumers; fixed-line teledensity, at only 4.9%, is significantly lower than the Latin American and Caribbean average; poor fixed-line infrastructure has been exacerbated by low investment and topographical difficulties which have made investment in rural areas unattractive or uneconomical; the internet has been slow to develop; DSL and cable modem technologies are available but are relatively expensive, while higher speed services are largely restricted to the major urban centers; the demand for broadband is steadily increasing and there has been some investment in network upgrades to fiber-based infrastructure

(2022)

domestic: fixed-line teledensity of 5 per 100; mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 74 per 100 persons (2021)

international: country code - 504; landing points for both the ARCOS and the MAYA-1 fiber-optic submarine cable systems that together provide connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System (2019)

Terrain

mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains

Government type

presidential republic

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Honduras

conventional short form: Honduras

local long form: República de Honduras

local short form: Honduras

etymology: the name means "depths" in Spanish and refers to the deep anchorage in the northern Bay of Trujillo

Location

Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the Gulf of Fonseca (North Pacific Ocean), between El Salvador and Nicaragua

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Irrigated land

900 sq km (2012)

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Javier Efrain BU SOTO (since 12 December 2022)

chancery: 1220 19th Street NW, Suite #320, Washington, DC 20036

telephone: [1] (202) 966-7702

FAX: [1] (202) 966-9751

email address and website:
info@wadchn.com

https://hondurasembusa.org/

consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte (NC), Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, McAllen (TX), Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Seattle

Internet users

percent of population: 60% (2022 est.)

Internet country code

.hn

Refugees and internally displaced persons

IDPs: 247,000 (violence, extortion, threats, forced recruitment by urban gangs between 2004 and 2018) (2023)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$34.401 billion (2023 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Credit ratings

Moody's rating: B1 (2017)

Standard & Poors rating: BB- (2017)

note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

Total renewable water resources

92.16 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 10 years

male: 10 years

female: 11 years (2019)

Urbanization

urban population: 60.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 2.48% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Broadcast media

multiple privately owned terrestrial TV networks, supplemented by multiple cable TV networks; Radio Honduras is the lone government-owned radio network; roughly 300 privately owned radio stations (2019)

Drinking water source

improved:

urban: 100% of population

rural: 90.7% of population

total: 96.1% of population

unimproved:

urban: 0% of population

rural: 9.3% of population

total: 3.9% of population (2020 est.)

National anthem

name: "Himno Nacional de Honduras" (National Anthem of Honduras)

lyrics/music: Augusto Constancio COELLO/Carlos HARTLING

note: adopted 1915; the anthem's seven verses chronicle Honduran history; on official occasions, only the chorus and last verse are sung

This is an audio of the National Anthem for Honduras. The national anthem is generally a patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.

Major urban areas - population

1.568 million TEGUCIGALPA (capital), 982,000 San Pedro Sula (2023)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Hospital bed density

0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

National symbol(s)

scarlet macaw, white-tailed deer; national colors: blue, white

Mother's mean age at first birth

20.3 years (2011/12 est.)

note: data represents median age a first birth among women 25-49

Contraceptive prevalence rate

69.4% (2019)

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 86.4% (2023 est.)

government consumption: 14.4% (2023 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 24.2% (2023 est.)

investment in inventories: -1.1% (2023 est.)

exports of goods and services: 37% (2023 est.)

imports of goods and services: -60.9% (2023 est.)

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 52.2 (2024 est.)

youth dependency ratio: 43.6 (2024 est.)

elderly dependency ratio: 8.5 (2024 est.)

potential support ratio: 11.7 (2024 est.)

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 1 to 3 years

Population distribution

most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country; unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula; the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area

Electricity access

electrification - total population: 94.4% (2022 est.)

electrification - urban areas: 100%

electrification - rural areas: 86.8%

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Sanitation facility access

improved:

urban: 96.7% of population

rural: 87.9% of population

total: 93% of population

unimproved:

urban: 3.3% of population

rural: 12.1% of population

total: 7% of population (2020 est.)

Ethnic groups

Mestizo (mixed Indigenous and European) 90%, Indigenous 7%, African descent 2%, White 1%

Religions

Evangelical 55%, Roman Catholic 33.4%, none 10.1%, unspecified 1.5% (2023 est.)

Languages

Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Spanish audio sample

Imports - partners

USA 36%, China 14%, Guatemala 8%, Mexico 6%, El Salvador 6% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Elevation

highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m

lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

mean elevation: 684 m

Physician density

0.49 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Current health expenditure

9.2% of GDP (2021)

Military - note

the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) are responsible for maintaining the country’s territory, defending its sovereignty, providing emergency/humanitarian assistance, and supporting the National Police (PNH); the FFAA’s primary focus is internal and border security, and since 2011 a considerable portion of it has been deployed to support the PNH in combating narcotics trafficking and organized crime; military support to domestic security included the creation of the Military Police of Public Order (PMOP) in 2013 to provide security in areas controlled by street gangs to combat crime and make arrests; the PMOP also has sent personnel to reinforce security operations along the country’s border as part of a tri-national security task force with El Salvador and Guatemala

the FFAA has received military equipment, training, humanitarian, and technical assistance from the US military; the US military maintains a joint service task force co-located with the FFAA at Soto Cano Air Base (2025)

Military and security service personnel strengths

approximately 15,000 active personnel (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the FFAA's inventory is comprised of a mix of older or secondhand and limited amounts of more equipment from a wide mix of suppliers, including Colombia, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, South Korea, the UK, and the US (2024)

Total water withdrawal

municipal: 320 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

industrial: 111 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

agricultural: 1.18 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually: 2,162,028 tons (2016 est.)

Average household expenditures

on food: 31.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

on alcohol and tobacco: 4.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Air pollutants

particulate matter emissions: 18.93 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 9.81 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions: 7.72 megatons (2020 est.)

Major lakes (area sq km)

salt water lake(s): Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km

National heritage

total World Heritage Sites: 2 (1 cultural, 1 natural)

selected World Heritage Site locales: Maya Site of Copan (c); Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (n)

Coal

consumption: 144,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

imports: 148,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources

fossil fuels: 38.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

solar: 8.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

wind: 5.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectricity: 33.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

geothermal: 3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

biomass and waste: 10.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Petroleum

total petroleum production: 20 bbl/day (2023 est.)

refined petroleum consumption: 71,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.15 (2024 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

53.5% (2023 est.)

Remittances

26.07% of GDP (2023 est.)
27% of GDP (2022 est.)
25.59% of GDP (2021 est.)

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Child marriage

women married by age 15: 9.2%

women married by age 18: 34%

men married by age 18: 10% (2019 est.)

Ports

total ports: 8 (2024)

large: 0

medium: 0

small: 1

very small: 7

ports with oil terminals: 3

key ports: Coxen Hole, La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, Puerto de Hencan, Puerto Este, Tela, Trujillo

Labor force

4.61 million (2023 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 11% (2023 est.)

male: 7.5% (2023 est.)

female: 17% (2023 est.)

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Net migration rate

-1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Median age

total: 25.7 years (2024 est.)

male: 24.8 years

female: 26.6 years

Debt - external

$8.342 billion (2023 est.)

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Maternal mortality ratio

72 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$7.543 billion (2023 est.)
$8.41 billion (2022 est.)
$8.667 billion (2021 est.)

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Public debt

39.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.33 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate

6.06% (2023 est.)
7.04% (2022 est.)
7.94% (2021 est.)

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Population

total: 9,529,188 (2024 est.)

male: 4,591,247

female: 4,937,941

Carbon dioxide emissions

10.534 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from coal and metallurgical coke: 324,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids: 10.21 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Area

total : 112,090 sq km

land: 111,890 sq km

water: 200 sq km

Taxes and other revenues

15.07% (of GDP) (2020 est.)

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

$68.854 billion (2023 est.)
$66.473 billion (2022 est.)
$63.828 billion (2021 est.)

note: data in 2021 dollars

Airports

129 (2025)

Infant mortality rate

total: 15.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)

male: 17.5 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 13.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Telephones - mobile cellular

total subscriptions: 7.92 million (2023 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 76 (2022 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

48.2 (2019 est.)

note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

6.66% (2023 est.)
9.09% (2022 est.)
4.48% (2021 est.)

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Current account balance

-$1.333 billion (2023 est.)
-$2.105 billion (2022 est.)
-$1.538 billion (2021 est.)

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Real GDP per capita

$6,500 (2023 est.)
$6,400 (2022 est.)
$6,200 (2021 est.)

note: data in 2021 dollars

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

total: 476,000 (2023 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2023 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

21.4% (2016)

Energy consumption per capita

16.642 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Death rate

5.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Birth rate

19.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Electricity

installed generating capacity: 3.334 million kW (2023 est.)

consumption: 8.303 billion kWh (2023 est.)

exports: 4 million kWh (2023 est.)

imports: 214.601 million kWh (2023 est.)

transmission/distribution losses: 3.617 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Merchant marine

total: 489 (2023)

by type: general cargo 233, oil tanker 82, other 174

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

7.1% (2019)

Imports

$17.789 billion (2023 est.)
$17.943 billion (2022 est.)
$14.869 billion (2021 est.)

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports

$9.701 billion (2023 est.)
$9.403 billion (2022 est.)
$8.052 billion (2021 est.)

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Heliports

6 (2025)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 444,000 (2023 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2023 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 2.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

beer: 1.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

wine: 0.04 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

spirits: 1.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 73.1 years (2024 est.)

male: 69.6 years

female: 76.8 years

Real GDP growth rate

3.58% (2023 est.)
4.14% (2022 est.)
12.57% (2021 est.)

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Industrial production growth rate

-2.04% (2023 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 12% (2023 est.)

industry: 26% (2023 est.)

services: 57.4% (2023 est.)

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Revenue from forest resources

0.91% of GDP (2018 est.)

Revenue from coal

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

Education expenditures

6.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

1.29% (2024 est.)

Sources: